![]() Also deadly Nyx bare Nemesis (Envy) to afflict mortal men, and after her, Apate (Deceit) and Philotes (Friendship) and hateful Geras (Old Age) and hard-hearted Eris (Strife)." Also she bare the Moirai (Moirae, Fates) and the ruthless avenging Keres (Death-Fates). And again the goddess murky Nyx, though she lay with none, bare Momos (Blame) and painful Oizys (Misery), and the Hesperides. "And Nyx (Night) bare hateful Moros (Doom) and black Ker (Violent Death) and Thanatos (Death), and she bare Hypnos (Sleep) and the tribe of Oneiroi (Dreams). Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) : Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.ĬLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES PARENTAGE OF HYPNOS In works of art Sleep and Death are represented alike as two youths sleeping or holding inverted torches in their hands. At Sicyon there was a statue of Sleep surnamed epidôtês, the giver (Paus. The personification and god of sleep, the Latin Somnus, is described by the ancients as a brother of Death ( thanatos), and as a son of Night (Hes. ![]() THE ONEIROI x 1000, MORPHEUS, IKELOS, PHANTASOS (Ovid Metamorphoses 11.630) EREBOS & NYX (Hyginus Preface, Cicero De Natura Deorum. NYX (no father) (Hesiod Theogony 212, Homer Iliad 14.250, Aeschylus Frag 250, Seneca Hercules Furens1068, Nonnus Dionysiaca 31.103) His Roman equivalent was Somnus or Sopor. His attributes included either a horn of sleep-inducing opium, a poppy-stem, a branch dripping water from the river Lethe (Forgetfulness), or an inverted torch. ![]() Hypnos was depicted as a young man with wings on his shoulders or brow. Hypnos was often paired with his twin brother Thanatos (Peaceful Death), and the Oneiroi (Dreams) were his brothers or sons. He dwelt in Erebos, the land of eternal darkness beyond the gates of the rising sun, and rose into the sky each night in the train of his mother Nyx (Night). HYPNOS was the god or personified spirit ( daimon) of sleep. ISBN 069022608X.Sleep ( hypnos) Hypnos god of sleep, Apulian red-figure vase C4th B.C., The J. Crowell's Handbook of Classical Mythology (First ed.). Online version at Harvard University Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1916. Spawforth (eds.), Oxford Classical Dictionary (3rd rev. ed.), Oxford, ISBN 9780198661726. Grimal, Pierre, The Dictionary of Classical Mythology, Wiley-Blackwell, 1996, ISBN 9780631201021.(1997), A Commentary on Ovid, Metamorphoses XI, Hermathena, vol. 162/163, Dublin: Trinity College Dublin, pp. 1–290, JSTOR 23041237. However, Griffin suggests that this division of dream forms between Morpheus and his brothers, possibly including their names, may have been of Hellenistic origin. Tripp calls these three figures "literary, not mythical concepts". The three brothers' names are found nowhere earlier than Ovid, and are perhaps Ovidian inventions. One called Icelos ('Like'), by the gods, but Phobetor ('Frightener') by men, "takes the form of beast or bird or the long serpent", and Phantasos ('Fantasy'), who "puts on deceptive shapes of earth, rocks, water, trees, all lifeless things". Ovid gives names to two more of these sons of Sleep. Ovid called Morpheus and his brothers, the other sons of Somnus, the Somnia ("dream shapes"), saying that they appear in dreams "mimicking many forms". According to Ovid "no other is more skilled than he in representing the gait, the features, and the speech of men the clothing also and the accustomed words of each he represents." Like other gods associated with sleep, Ovid presents Morpheus as winged. His name derives from the Greek word for form (μορφή), and his function was apparently to appear in dreams in human guise. Ovid makes Morpheus one of the thousand sons of Somnus (Sleep). In Ovid's account, Juno, (via the messenger goddess Iris) sends Morpheus to appear to Alcyone in a dream, as her husband Ceyx, to tell her of his death. The only mention of Morpheus occurs in Ovid's Metamorphoses, where Ovid tells of the story of Ceyx and his wife Alcyone who were transformed into birds. From the Middle Ages, the name began to stand more generally for the god of dreams, or of sleep. In Ovid's Metamorphoses he is the son of Somnus and appears in dreams in human form. ![]() Morpheus ('Fashioner', derived from the Ancient Greek: μορφή meaning 'form, shape') is a god associated with sleep and dreams. Morpheus, painted by Jean-Bernard Restout
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